The Green State and Its Role in Achieving Sustainable Environmental Development: Selected Models
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61353/ma.0260075Keywords:
Green State, Sustainable Development, Public Policy, Environment, Government InstitutionsAbstract
This research examines the role of the "green state" in achieving environmentally sustainable development by analyzing government policies designed to regulate natural resource use and mitigate the environmental damage associated with economic activities. It focuses on the economic, institutional, and social pillars underpinning these policies. Employing a descriptive-analytical approach, the study utilizes case studies and qualitative comparisons to analyze the experiences of Sweden, Costa Rica, Germany, Bhutan, and New Zealand—nations that differ in their environmental priorities and implementation tools. The research covers renewable energy policies, green technologies, the circular economy, local governance, and community participation, while also examining how economic and administrative conditions influence the choice of measures in each case. The comparative analysis reveals that Sweden and Germany prioritized energy sector regulation and resource efficiency; Costa Rica adopted economic incentives for forest conservation; Bhutan integrated environmental protection into its "Gross National Happiness" framework. The study concludes that the effectiveness of green state policies depends on their alignment with available resources and social conditions, as well as the availability of the financial and administrative capacity required for implementation.
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