حماية حقوق الإنسان بين زراعة ونقل الأعضاء البشرية وتجارة الأعضاء البشرية

Abstract

Medical advancements, particularly in the field of human organ transplantation, have significantly contributed to the treatment of various health conditions. However, these developments have also raised complex legal and ethical challenges, especially regarding human rights. While organ transplantation is generally carried out within a legitimate legal and ethical framework that aligns with the right to health and life, the highly organized and intensive nature of legal transplant procedures has also paved the way for the emergence of illegal transplantation practices—namely, human organ trafficking.Illegal transplants often utilize the same infrastructure as legal ones, indicating the deep entrenchment of organ trafficking within the transplant industry. Case studies reveal that the transplant sector, in certain instances, facilitates the continuation of organ trade by providing the necessary medical infrastructure. A comparison between legal and illegal transplant operations highlights the strategic planning involved in trafficking activities, marked by a wider range of recruitment methods, secrecy strategies, and diverse preparatory arrangements for both donors and recipients, These findings emphasize the need for a broader understanding of organ trafficking—one that encompasses both organized and white-collar crimes operating on transnational levels.