دور البرلمان الأوروبي في العملية التشريعية - دراسة تحليلية

Abstract

The

European Parliament is one of the main institutions of the European Union, and it is the only transnational parliament in the world whose members are directly elected by the citizens of the Union. Throughout its history, the European Parliament has undergone developments that have reflected on its structure and competencies. Its internal organization has changed, the number of its members has increased, and its powers have gradually expanded due to the amendments introduced by successive European Union treaties. It has evolved from a powerless assembly with mostly consultative functions to a parliament that holds several roles, one of which is being an essential partner in the EU decision-making process, on equal footing with the Council of the European Union in most policy areas. Despite the importance of the European Parliament's legislative role, its powers remain limited compared to national parliaments. This is due to the nature of the European Union's political system, which has made the legislative process not solely the responsibility of Parliament, but a shared responsibility among the three main institutions (the Parliament, the Commission, and the European Council), with Parliament often being the weakest link in comparison to the roles of the Commission and the Council. Furthermore, the internal organization of the European Parliament has contributed to difficulties in performing its legislative role due to the fact that the Parliament is not a single, cohesive institution, but rather a collection of actors with diverse and changing strategies.